Airbus, in collaboration with partners in Canada and Europe, is undertaking research to measure and mitigate non-CO2 emissions from aircraft, addressing a significant yet often overlooked aspect of aviation’s climate impact.
EU studies have found that non-CO2 emissions account for roughly 50-75% of aviation’s climate impact. These emissions, encompassing contrails and particulate matter, have received less regulatory attention due to their localised characteristics, atmospheric dependencies, and the incomplete understanding of their effects. However, recent findings indicate that cost-effective mitigation strategies are feasible, contingent on targeted research and innovation initiatives, coupled with flight testing to address outstanding uncertainties.
The CRYSTAL project, initiated in Mirabel, Canada, focuses on measuring emissions from Jet A-1 and 100% Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) using Airbus’ A220 aircraft. The project involves ground and flight tests to study the effects of these fuels on emissions and contrail properties. Data collected will be used to improve contrail models and identify engine technologies that minimise climate impacts. Ground tests are scheduled for Q3 2025, with flight tests to follow in 2027. The project is supported by Canadian academic institutions and Aéroports de Montréal, reflecting a collaborative effort to advance sustainable aviation practices.
Mélanie Lussier, President of Aéro Montréal, noted that CRYSTAL aligns with Quebec’s commitment to decarbonisation and showcases the region’s innovation in aerospace environmental performance.
Concurrently, the PACIFIC project in Europe examines the impact of fuel composition and engine cycles on particle emissions. Funded by the European Union, PACIFIC aims to enhance modelling capabilities for contrail formation and assess the broader climate impact of aviation. The project involves laboratory tests and full-scale aircraft ground testing, focusing on soot formation and its effects on contrail development. The insights gained will inform future fuel specifications and policy recommendations, contributing to Europe’s leadership in sustainable aeronautics.
Airbus Chief Technology Officer Sabine Klauke highlighted the importance of addressing non-CO2 emissions, emphasising the need for science-based approaches and innovative technologies to minimise these effects while maintaining operational efficiency.
